REFERENCES 
AHMED, N. & SUNADA, D.K., "Non-linear Flow in Porous Media", Journal of the 
Hydraulics Division, ASCE, Vol. 95, HY6, 1969, pp 1847-1857. 
ALLSOP, N.W.H. & SHIH, R.W.K., "Permeability of Rubble Mound Coastal Structures 
to Wave Action: Laboratory and Numerical Modeling", Proceedings, 2 n d 
International Symposium on Wave Research and Coastal Engineering, University 
of Hannover, Germany, 1988. 
ALLSOP, N.W.H. & HETTIARACHCHI, S.S.L., "Wave Reflection in Harbours: 
Design, Construction and Performance of Wave Absorbing Structures", Report, No. 
89, HR Wallingford, Feb., 1989. 
ARBHAJ3HIRAMA, A. & DINOY, A.A., "Friction-Factor and Reynolds Number in 
Porous Media Flow", Journal of the Hydraulics Division, ASCE, Vol. 99, HY6, 
1973, pp 901-911. 
BIESEL, F., "Equations de l'ecoulement non lent en millesu permeable: Application au 
calcul de filters a hould", La Houille Balnche, 2, 1950. 
DARCY, H., "Less fontaines publiques de la ville de Dijon", Dalmont, Paris, 1856. 
DUDGEON, C.R., "An Experimental Study of the Flow of Water through Coarse 
Granular Media", La Houille Blanche,!, 1966, pp. 785-801. 
ENGELUND, F., "On the Laminar and Turbulent Flow of Groundwater through 
Homogeneous Sand", Transactions , Danish Acad. Tech. Sci. No. 3, 1953. 
FORCHHEIMER, P., Wasserbewegung durch Boden. Zeit. Ver. deutsch. Ing. 45, 1901. 
81 
GODA, Y. & IPPEN, A.T., "Theoretical and Experimental Investigation ofWave Energy 
Dissipators Composed of Wire Mesh Screens", Hydrodynamics Laboratory 
Report, No. 60, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1963. 
HETTIARACHCHI, S.S.L, "The Influence of Geometry on the Performance of 
Breakwater Armour Units", Internal Report, Imperial College, University of 
London, 1987. 
HETTIARACHCHI, S.S.L, "Hydraulic Behaviour of Porous Coastal Structures", 
Research Monograph, Coastal Engineering Group, University of Moratuwa, 1995. 
HETTIARACHCHI, S.S.L. & AMARAWEERA, T.K.R, Internal Report, Department of 
Civil Engineering, University of moratuwa, 2001. 
KAMEL, A.M., "Water Wave Transmission through and Reflection by Pervious Coastal 
Structures", Research Report, H-69-1, US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment 
Station, 1969. 
KEULEGAN, G.H, "Wave Damping Effect of Screens", Research Report, No. 2-12, 
US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, CE, Vicksburg, Missisipi, 
1968. 
KEULEGAN, G.H, "Wave Transmission through Rock Structures, Hydraulic Model 
Investigation", Research Report, H-73-1, 75, US Army Engineer Waterways 
Experiment Station, Hydraulics Laboratory, Vicksburg, Missisipi, 1973. 
KOGAMI, Y , "Researches on Stability of Rubble Mound Breakwaters", Coastal 
Engineering in Japan, Vol. 21, 1978, pp. 76-93. 
KONDO, H , "An Analytical Approach to Wave Transmission through Permeable 
Structures", Coastal Engineering in Japan, 1970, Vol.13, pp. 31-42. 
82 
4 
KONDO, H. & TOMA, S , "Reflection and Transmission for a Porous Structure", 
Proceedings, 13 t h Conference on Coastal Engineering, Vancouver, Canada, 1972, 
Chapter 104, pp. 1847-1865. 
KONDO, H , TOMA, S. & YANO, K, "Laboratory Study on Pervious Core 
Breakwaters", Proceedings, 15 t h Conference on Coastal Engineering, Honolulu, 
Hawaii. 1976, Chapter 152, pp. 2643-2661. 
LEAN, G.H, "A Simplified Theory of Permeable Wave Absorbers", Journal of 
Hydraulic Research, Vol. 5, No. 1, 1967, pp. 15-30. 
LEMEHAUTE, B , "Permeabilite des digues en enrochements aux ondes gravite 
periodiques", (The Perviousness of Rockfill Breakwaters to Periodic Gravity 
Waves), La Houille Blanche, No. 6, 1957, pp. 903-916 and Nos. 2 & 3, 1958. 
MADSEN, O.S, "Wave Transmission Through Porous Structures", Journal of the 
Waterways, Harbours and Coastal Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 100, WW3, 1964, 
pp. 169-188. 
MADSEN, O.S. & WHITE, S.M, "Wave Transmission Through Trapezoidal 
Breakwaters", Proceedings, 15 t h Conference on Coastal Engineering, Honolulu, 
Hawaii, 1976b, Chapter 153, pp. 2662-2676. 
MADSEN, P.A, "Wave Reflection from a Vertical Permeable Wave Absorber", Coastal 
Engineering, 7,1983, pp. 381-396. 
McCORQUODALE, J.A, "The Finite Element Method Applied to Non-Darcy Flow", 
18 t h Annual Speciality Conference, Hydraulic Division, ASCE, University of 
Minnesota, 1970. 
r 83 
McCORQUODALE, J.A. HANNOURA, A.A. & NASSER, M.S., "Hydraulic 
Conductivity of Rockiill", Journal of Hydraulic Research, Vol. 16, No. 2, 1978, 
pp. 123-137. 
NASSER, M.S. & McCORQUODALE, J.A., "Experimental Study of Wave 
Transmission", Journal of the Waterway Harbours and Coastal Engineering 
Division, ASCE, Vol. 100, WW4, 1974, pp. 279-286. 
NG, H.C., "An Experimental Study of Steady Non-Darcy Flow in Crushed Rock", 
MASc. Dissertation, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada, 1969. 
POLUBARINOVA-KOCHINA, P.Y., "Theory of the Motion of Groundwater", 
Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 1962. 
SCHEIDEGGER, A.E., "The Physics of Flow through Porous Media", University of 
Toronto Press, 1974. 
SHIH,R.W.K.,"Permeability Characteristics of Rubble Material-New Formulae", HR 
Published Paper, No. 38, Wallingford, 1990. 
SOLLITT, C.K. & CROSS, R.H., "Wave Transmission through Permeable Breakwaters", 
Proceedings, 13 t h Conference on Coastal Engineering, Vancouver, Canada, 1972, 
Chapter 103, pp. 1827-1846. 
STRAUB, L.G., "Experimental Studies of Wave Filters and Absorbers", Project Report, 
No. 44, St. Anthonys Falls Hydraulics Laboratory, University of Minnesota, 1956. 
SVENDSEN, LA., "Reflection of Long Waves from Rubble Mound Breakwater", 
Progress Report, No. 38, Institute of Hydrodynamics and Hydraulic Engineering, 
Technical University, Denmark, 1976. 
84 
WARD, J.C., "Turbulent Flow in Porous Media", Journal of the Hydraulics Division, 
ASCE. Vol. 90, HY5, 1964, pp. 1-12. 
85