Master of Science in Building Services Engineering
http://dl.lib.uom.lk/handle/123/12432
2024-03-28T15:27:36ZEffect of daylight harvesting on building lighting energy consumption
http://dl.lib.uom.lk/handle/123/21436
Effect of daylight harvesting on building lighting energy consumption
Ariyaratne LI
In the beginning, humans used architecture to protect their selves from nature and unsteady
environmental conditions. However, with time, modern buildings become more complex,
which need to fulfil the different types of functions [1]. So, humans started to concern more
about the visual and thermal comfort and energy efficiency of modern buildings.
Daylight is the perfect source of light that human has adapted with respect to evolution. So,
daylight harvesting is highly concerned in modern building designs in order to enhance
occupants’ visual and thermal comfort and reduce artificial lightings costs. Although this
should be wisely done since entering direct sunlight to the building envelope could cause
visual and thermal discomfort, increasing heat load which causes additional air conditioning
costs.
The effect of daylight harvesting depends on many parameters. Building location, building
orientation, building geometry, seasonal variation of the sun, window to wall ratio, window
glazing parameters, Solar heat gain coefficient, Window height, Building interior parameters,
shading devices, and solar control mechanisms are a few major parameters, which affect the
outcome of daylight harvesting.
This research discusses the effect of Seasonal variations, building geometry, window to wall
ratio and window orientation for a typical office building situated in tropical countries on
daylight harvesting.
2022-01-01T00:00:00ZInvestigating the factors affecting indoor air quality of office buildings in Colombo city_a case study
http://dl.lib.uom.lk/handle/123/20126
Investigating the factors affecting indoor air quality of office buildings in Colombo city_a case study
Lankanath EGG
The wellbeing, comfort, and satisfaction of office occupants are all influenced by the
indoor air quality (IAQ). As such, it is important to maintain good IAQ in offices.
However, several studies say that Sri Lankans have a limited understanding of IAQ.
As a result, the aim of this research is to identify the factors that influence IAQ.
Through this study, it is also expected to gain a better understanding of indoor air
pollutants, recognize issues related to low IAQ, and determine ways to improve IAQ
based on in situ levels of indoor air pollutants.
Following a walk through inspection, in situ measurements of IAQ were carried out in
selected office spaces in Colombo, Sri Lanka, based on the findings of the literature
review. Temperature (T), Relative Humidity (RH), Particulate Matters (PM2.5 and
PM10), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and Total Volatile Organic
Compound (TVOC) were selected as the IAQ parameters. In addition, an experiment
was conducted in a real office environment to measure TVOC concentrations in the
presence of air fresheners and incense smoke.
Due to inadequate ventilation, the worst case of IAQ was found in office spaces which
have no proper ventilation system. As a result, mechanical ventilation is appropriate
to improve the IAQ of office spaces when natural ventilation is not possible. The key
factors affecting IAQ in the selected office buildings of this study were identified as
the location of the building, occupancy related activities, office equipment, and
ventilation and air-conditioning system.
To improve and maintain good IAQ levels in a country, it is essential to have IAQ
guidelines. However, it has been found that IAQ guidelines are not available in Sri
Lanka. Conducting research on IAQ is essential for developing the country's IAQ
guidelines
2022-01-01T00:00:00ZA Case based approach to benchmark the energy and water consumption of supermarkets in Sri Lanka
http://dl.lib.uom.lk/handle/123/20127
A Case based approach to benchmark the energy and water consumption of supermarkets in Sri Lanka
Senanayake SMCP
Buildings are responsible for about 40% of global energy consumption, 42% of global CO2 emissions and about 30% of global fresh water consumption. Therefore, the importance of energy and water consumption benchmarking in buildings has become a major objective for governments and relevant authorities. Since energy and water consumption patterns depend upon various factors such as climate conditions, personal habits, hygiene practices and economic factors, it is most suitable to develop local benchmarks for countries/regions instead of using global benchmarks to compare the performance of the buildings. The main intention of this research is to analyse the major research gaps in energy and water benchmarking in Sri Lankan buildings, and to develop water and energy benchmarks to bridge those gaps. Energy consumption benchmarks in Sri Lankan context are available for commercial sector, hospitality industry, apparel industry and tea processing industry, which are established by Sri Lanka Sustainable Energy Authority (SLSEA). However, energy benchmarks are not available in local context for retail (supermarkets), educational, healthcare and residential building sectors. Moreover, it is identified that, water consumption benchmarking is a major research gap in Sri Lanka, as the water consumption benchmarks have been developed only for hospitality sector. The focus of this study is to establish the energy and water benchmarks for retail sector (supermarkets) in Sri Lanka.
During the study, electricity consumption data from 2008 to 2020, and water consumption data from 2018 to 2020 were collected from 101 supermarkets across the country. Annual electricity consumption, annual electricity cost and annual water consumption of these 101 supermarkets were analysed against the sales floor areas and total floor areas of the relevant supermarkets. According to the analysis, electricity consumption benchmarks for Sri Lankan supermarkets was estimated as 780 kWh/year/m2 per sales floor area and 465 kWh/year/m2 per total floor area. Moreover, the water consumption benchmarks was estimated for the Sri Lankan supermarkets as 247 L/year/ m2 per sales floor area and 137 L/year/ m2 per total floor area.
2022-01-01T00:00:00ZInvestigation of factors affecting solar photovoltaic power generation in Sri Lankan context
http://dl.lib.uom.lk/handle/123/20125
Investigation of factors affecting solar photovoltaic power generation in Sri Lankan context
Ariyadasa LPNI
Due to the fossil fuel prices and depleting storage capacity, as well as growing concerns about global climate change, the use of renewable energy (RE) on a national scale has become essential for any country in the world. Within the Portfolio of Renewable Energy, Solar energy generation become a most popular in small, medium and large-Scale installation.
Presently, In Sri Lanka there are many solar PV installation program has announced to encourage both individual and nation scale consumers. Under the Ministry of Power “Soorya Bala Sangramaya” or Battle for Solar Energy was launched in 2016 to increase small scale solar PV installation capacity up to 1000MW in 2025. The ultimate target of Sri Lankan government is to set 100% renewable energy in 2050 as per report published in 2017 under Asian Development Bank, and United Nations Development Program. Accordingly, in 2050, Sri Lanka total PV installation capacity is expected to increase up to 16,000MW.
The aim of this study is to look into the role of solar energy in building electrification and evaluate the key factors affecting for solar PV generation and study their energy optimization and efficiency improving method. This will help general publics who are wish to install solar PV plant or already installed in their premises to acknowledge and improve their solar power energy generation units without expanding their current system or planned solar power plant. Moreover, this will not only help domestic level solar PV plant installer but also industrial or utility scale plant.
The research's findings provide valuable and useful knowledge for policy makers, solar PV consumers and utilities as Solar PV become most important part of Sri Lanka Energy generation Mix in present and future.
2021-01-01T00:00:00Z