Conventionally, early-stage investment decisions on buildings were purely based on initial capital costs and simply ignored running costs and total lifecycle cost. This was basically due to the absence of estimating models ...
Risk is an inescapable dimension of construction projects, particularly in road construction,
which makes effective risk management crucial in the achievement of project goals with risk
identification, analysis and ...
Building occupants seek to be comfortable and productive in their workplace. Occupants with local control over their environment generally have an improvement in their work effort and productivity. However, work productivity ...
The procurement system is a key means through which the client creates pre-conditions for successful achievement of project specific objectives. Different procurement systems are used for different projects and the correct ...