Merits and demerits of off-grid solar systems: key stakeholders’ perspectives

Abstract

In today's world, energy and human life are inextricably linked. Due to the scarcity of fossil fuels and rising prices, the world is shifting to renewable energy sources to acquire energy. The economic downturn and the government's inability to import fuel have exacerbated the energy crisis in the Sri Lankan context. Every day, prolonged power outages become a part of people's lives, which drives people to find alternative solutions. Even though solar PV systems are a popular renewable energy source in Sri Lanka, having an on-grid solar system has no advantages during power outages. Thus, Sri Lanka has an apparent demand for off-grid solar systems. Therefore, this study investigates the merits and demerits of utilising off-grid solar systems from key stakeholders' perspectives. Three key stakeholders were identified: government authorities, off-grid solar service provider companies and off-grid solar users. Twenty-five semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders were conducted after a thorough literature review. The collected interview data were analysed manually using content analysis. The study's findings revealed the significant merits of using off-grid solar systems in the Sri Lankan context as; the benefit of an uninterrupted power supply and reducing the national grid demand. The study revealed significant demerits: unavailability of proper regulations, capital-intensive investment, no return on investment and the lack of qualified people in the off-grid solar sector. The respective industry practitioners and stakeholders can use the knowledge gained from this study to promote and utilise future policy implications in the off-grid solar sector.