Amongst the contemporary issues encountered by the buildings, deterioration and obsolescence are in the forefront. The refurbishment has been acknowledged as an avenue to deliver profound solutions to overcome these ...

Accelerated human pressure on earth has necessitated adopting environmental footprints to evaluate environmental sustainability. Ecological Footprint (EF), Carbon Footprint (CF) and Water Footprint (WF) are common ...

Extensive use of complex cleaning chemicals and disinfectants in the healthcare industry has raised concern over the effectiveness of conventional cleaning in creating a safe and healthy environment. The increasing rate ...