Observations on weathering patterns are a crucial aspect of geotechnical analysis, as they allow the determination of site quality for various civil and mining engineering applications. There are traditional methods available ...

Chatbots are conversational systems that interact with humans via natural language. Frequently, it is used to respond to user queries and provide them with the information they need. To build a highly functional chatbot, ...

This edition reflects the IDR Journal’s commitment to fostering inclusive dialogue in design research, practice, and education, with a particular emphasis on the diverse and dynamic contexts of the Global South and Asia. ...

Aesthetic improvements to roadside landscapes presents many challenges to the road professionals. Lack of documented knowledge of local landscape preferences force them to import design treatments that may not evoke ...

Urban areas are now being regenerated in great extremes to match with the local and global demand in Sri Lanka. Upgrading infrastructures, land and buildings are highly pressurized in urban regeneration projects given ...

An Urban heat island (UHI) is best visualized as a dome of stagnant warm air, over the heavily built-up areas of the city. These have been observed practically all over the world and Colombo, Sri Lanka is no exception. ...

Since last two decades, some of the major urban policy, legislation and building regulation changes have been made in Chandigarh, which are having a major impact on the physical and the visual fabric of the city. This ...

In this paper, we present a logical analysis of the graphical elements used to structure the earliest Sinhala newspaper front page layouts. Furthermore, a hierarchical structure is proposed logically to represent the ...

Postage stamps primarily issued by governments as receipts of postal prepayment, are important sources of global material and visual culture. Other than its utilitarian purpose, postage stamps represent the issuing countries, ...

Recyclability oriented packaging solutions (ROPS) are designed to be compatible with established recycling systems and facilitate the users to organise their waste management systems. It assists the global need of achieving ...