Abstract:
On par with the rapid motorization, fuel
consumption and emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) have
become major challenges in the contemporary automotive
industry. With a registered vehicle fleet of around 7.7 million
road-vehicles and with an average survival rate of
approximately 70%, Sri Lanka claims to an active vehicle fleet
of around five million as of 2017. It can conspicuously be cited
that 92% of the entire active fleet consists of Light Duty Vehicles
which can be defined as the road-vehicles with a Gross Vehicle
Weight Rating less than 3.5 tons. United Nations’ (UN)
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) state ‘Affordable and
clean energy as its 7th goal under which the target 7.3 is
‘doubling the improvement in energy efficiency’ directly aligns
with the aim of the research study. Out of several approaches to
mitigate the impacts of fuel consumption and emissions,
electrification of the existing fleet and opting for electric vehicles
as a new potential vehicle can be opted. The study analyses on
the impact of electric two-wheelers, three-wheelers and cars on
the fuel consumption and emission of GHGs in the national
context forecasting on the future trends with increase in electric
dominance to the traditional internal combustion engine vehicle.
