Policy coherence of climate change, sustainable development goals (SDGS) and disaster risk reduction (DRR) in Sri Lanka

Abstract

Policy coherence is critical in addressing the complex challenges that developing countries confront when coping with climate change, attaining sustainable development goals, and decreasing disaster risks. The research focuses on assessing the level of policy coherence for climate change adaptation (CCA), DRR, and SDGs, specifically in Sri Lanka, while identifying the pathways to enhance resilience. The objectives of this research include investigating the coherence of CCA, DRR, and SDGs, identifying issues within policy documents regarding their coherence in Sri Lanka, and determining policy coherence pathways for resilience. The research methodology comprises a review and content analysis of seventeen policy and legal documents in Sri Lanka, complemented by qualitative research through semi-structured interviews with ten government representatives and stakeholders. The data collected from both content analysis and interviews were analyzed using NVivo software. Findings reveal several challenges in policy coherence within Sri Lanka, such as a fragmented approach, lack of integration, inadequate coordination, limited resources, and insufficient monitoring and evaluation. While international frameworks inspire policies, local implementation often falls short. Furthermore, there is a need for development cooperation to introduce innovative approaches like climate-resilient infrastructure and environmentally friendly solutions for CCA and DRR. Efficient management of land use and the accountability for constructing physical infrastructure that incorporates both disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation are equally essential. Community involvement emerges as a significant factor in successful policy implementation, which helps bridge gaps in existing policies and acts. Based on a preliminary evaluation of policy documents, relevant literature, and a comprehensive framework, this study provides recommendations to achieve policy coherence in CCA, DRR, and SDGs in Sri Lanka. These recommendations include enhancing strategic coherence, improving risk assessment frameworks for DRR and CCA, strengthening institutional cooperation and stakeholder management, establishing a common monitoring and evaluation system, formulating implementation strategies, and increasing community involvement. By addressing the identified gaps and pathways to policy coherence, policymakers can establish robust linkages among CCA, DRR, and SDGs, ultimately fostering long-term resilienc