Investigating challenges of environmental impact assessment (EIA) in Sri Lankan road construction projects

Abstract

Investigating Challenges of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) in Sri Lankan Road Construction Projects The construction industry, notably road construction, is a primary contributor to environmental pollution, exerting major direct and indirect effects on the ecosystem. This research critically examines the environmental challenges in road construction projects in Sri Lanka, acknowledging their diverse ecological, cultural, and demographic contexts. The study identifies pollution sources from construction processes, including toxic gases, noise emissions, dust, and solid and liquid waste. Despite a robust legal structure and environmental protection commitments, certain projects exhibit environmental performance shortcomings, even post-EIA compliance. This study aims to critically analyze and prioritize challenges in the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) process for road construction projects in Sri Lanka. The research commences with a comprehensive literature review to understand global EIA practices and constraints in Sri Lankan Road projects. Challenges are identified through a preliminary survey and interviews with key industry professionals. The study adopts a three-stage categorization - pre-EIA, EIA, and post-EIA - providing a nuanced understanding of challenges across project phases. The quantitative phase employs a questionnaire survey to evaluate challenges using the Relative Importance Index (RII). The study underscores the complexities of road construction in Sri Lanka and the need for a nuanced, context-specific approach to EIA. It advocates for improved regulatory frameworks, enhanced community engagement, and consistent adaptation of global best practices. The recommendations, categorized by EIA stages, provide a roadmap for policymakers, practitioners, and stakeholders to address challenges and foster responsible infrastructure development. This research contributes to the global discourse on sustainable development, offering insights relevant to Sri Lanka and beyond. It serves as a guide for informed decision-making, aligning development goals with environmental conservation and community well-being. Keywords - Ecosystem Conservation, Environmental Impact Assessment, Road Construction Sustainability, Sri Lanka