Key factors to consider when designing products to overcome the persistence of unsafe kerosene lamps among low–income households in Sri Lanka

Abstract

Even with advancements in alternative lighting technologies, a notable proportion of impoverished communities still use unsafe kerosene lamps for illumination. It exposes them to a myriad of dangers, including injuries, deaths, and accidents. the use of kerosene lamps is continued although developments in alternate lighting technology put human health and safety in danger. This research investigates the reasons behind the continued reliance on kerosene lamps among the residents of Waverley Estate Line Houses in Agarapathana, Sri Lanka. The study aims to discern and analyse the socio-economic, cultural, and infrastructural factors contributing to the persistence of this perilous lighting practice. this study uses a mixed-method technique that combines focus group discussions with self-observation to gather qualitative data. The main obstacles identified are extreme poverty, large upfront expenses for legal electrical connections, ignorance about how to maintain alternate lighting options and cultural familiarity with kerosene lamps. Notably, fire risks are increased when flammable materials are used in domestic environments. The study highlights the need for multidisciplinary interventions, identifying key design considerations such as easy maintain and repair, community training initiatives, subsidised electricity connections, , and the development of affordable, safe lighting fixtures. It is also suggested that it is crucial to have long-term plans for raising living standards through economic development programs. These observations are intended to assist practitioners and policymakers in developing practical, long-lasting solutions that would lessen the risks of using kerosene lamps and enhance the wellbeing of these marginalised groups.