Institutional-Repository, University of Moratuwa
Welcome to the University of Moratuwa Digital Repository, which houses postgraduate theses and dissertations, research articles presented at conferences by faculties and departments, university-published journal articles and research publications authored by academic staff. This online repository stores, preserves and distributes the University's scholarly work. This service allows University members to share their research with a larger audience.
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Recent Submissions
item: Thesis-Abstract
Development of vegetation pervious concrete
(2025) Randika, SR; Adikary, SU
This study investigates the development of vegetation-supporting pervious concrete panels using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) as a sustainable solution for slope protection and concrete waste management. This research explores the use of RCA and virgin aggregates to produce pervious concrete capable of managing surface water while supporting plant growth. Laboratory tests were conducted to assess the physical and mechanical properties of the materials, leading to a mix design developed using a non-compacted casting process. The resulting concrete demonstrated an average compressive strength of 3.25 MPa, flexural strength of 1.064 MPa, porosity of 40%, and a permeability coefficient of 68.599 mm/s after 28 days. Fly ash was incorporated to reduce the alkalinity of the cement paste, improving compatibility with plant life. Although the alkalinity initially decreased, pH levels remained was not favorable for plant growth and gradually increased over time due to cement hydration. A soil mix was integrated into the concrete to support vegetation further, and cymbopogon citratus and cymbopogon confertiflorus were identified as suitable plant species. The findings highlight that vegetation pervious concrete is an effective, eco-friendly solution that combines water management and ecological restoration, offering a value- added use for recycled concrete in sustainable construction
item: Thesis-Abstract
Waste engine oil with reclaimed asphalt concrete for low volume road surfacing in Sri Lanka
(2024) Jayawickrama, GGIS; Udayakumara, SV
This thesis focuses on an evaluation of the effectiveness of waste engine oil (WEO) in modifying asphalt concrete for application in low traffic pavement construction in Sri Lanka. The objectives include: The first application includes the assessment of the potential for using WEO in asphalt mixes, the second is to identify the optimal ratio of WEO for certain characteristics of the material, and the third is considering the possibilities for improving the state of the environment by introducing WEO in road construction, increasing the rate of waste recycling.
The research used a detailed collection of data from the scientific sources on the subject, work upon the aspects of waste-engine oil and reclaimed asphalt concrete. Initially, basic studies evaluates the versatility ranges of WEO in asphalt mixtures to establish the right proportions (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2.0 %) of this additive to be incorporated. A detailed mix design was worked out and Marshall specimens were made for the purpose of testing. Density, stability, flow, air voids, and voids in mineral aggregates (VMA) have been used for assessment purpose.
The study shows that waste engine oil has a high potential of replacing the conventional materials in the wearing and binder courses of pavement through using it in asphalt concrete mixtures. _evaluation of waste engine oil was carried out at 0.5% to 2.0% for the wearing course and 0.5% to 1.5% for the binder course. These concentration levels are within regulatory requirements used in road construction. In particular, the mixes with 0.5 % 1 % and 1.5% w/w of waste engine oil meet its required quality, which indicates that the incorporation of waste oil weakens the material’s performance.
The outcomes of the study suggest that it is indeed possible to incorporate waste engine oil in to the asphalt mixtures for construction of low traffic volume roads; thus a sustainable solution to waste disposal. It promotes environmental sustainability to end the continuation of pollution in Sri Lanka by attempting to recycle waste products. Consequently, the use of waste engine oil within the asphalt concrete mixtures can be a good approach to promote sustainable construction, and at the same time cut down pollution.
item: Thesis-Abstract
Investigation of health and safety issues in rubber products manufacturing industry in Sri Lanka
(2025) Somaweera, ASS; Waidyasekara , A
This research examines health and safety challenges faced by the employees in Sri Lanka’s rubber products manufacturing industry, with a particular focus on the critical need for safe working conditions to address ongoing acute health and safety issues that diminish stakeholder satisfaction. The objectives of the study include assessing the level of health and safety practices implemented and identifying dangerous exposures along with their effects on employees.
To achieve these objectives, the study conducted an extensive literature review and administered a structured questionnaire survey with both the employees and the management adopting the case study strategy. The findings highlight significant health and safety concerns, particularly related to chemical hazards in Sri Lanka’s rubber product manufacturing industry. Key recommendations for improvement include the use of protective gear, enhanced ventilation systems, regular health check-ups, safety training, and corporate health promotion initiatives. Implementing these measures is expected to enhance employee well-being and safety, which in turn can drive productivity and boost organizational morale.
While this study provides valuable insights, it is important to acknowledge its limitations, such as, sample size or regional focus, which may affect the generalizability of the results. However, these limitations also present opportunities for further research, including expanding the study to different geographical areas or exploring additional factors influencing safety practices. Overall, addressing these recommendations could lead to substantial improvements in health and safety within the industry
item: Thesis-Abstract
Evaluating the effectiveness of the application of ISO 45001: 2018 Occupational Health and Safety Management System for improving the health and safety performance of the coconut-based manufacturing industry of Sri Lanka
(2024) Peiris, KMP; Dissanayake, P
ISO 45001:2018 is widely recognized as an effective framework for occupational health and safety (OHS) management (Refer Chapter 2.8.2), yet its specific impact on health and safety performance within Sri Lanka’s coconut-based food manufacturing industry remains under-researched. Existing studies have primarily examined general manufacturing sectors, often lacking comparative analysis of safety performance between certified and non-certified entities within specialized industry contexts (Refer Chapter 2.6). This gap indicates a need for a targeted investigation into the benefits and challenges associated with ISO 45001:2018 certification in this niche sector.
This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of ISO 45001:2018 in enhancing OHS performance in Sri Lanka's coconut-based food manufacturing industry. Certified and non-certified industries were compared to evaluate their influence on key OHS performance indicators. Data were collected from 37 respondents representing various management levels across large-scale industries located in the Gampaha, Kurunegala, and Puttalam districts. Responses were analyzed using a five-point Likert Scale (1-5) and SPSS V23.0 software.
Findings demonstrate that ISO 45001:2018 certification significantly improves OHS performance, evident through reductions in workplace accidents, enhanced regulatory compliance, and increased employee participation in safety initiatives. Comparative analysis reveals that certified companies exhibit noticeable improvements in safety outcomes over non-certified counterparts, underscoring the transformative potential of ISO 45001:2018 in fostering safer, more productive workplaces.
The study recommends strategic measures to improve OHS performance in Sri Lanka’s coconut-based food manufacturing industries. Key suggestions include bolstering management commitment, strengthening communication and feedback mechanisms, conducting rigorous risk assessments, increasing employee engagement, allocating sufficient resources, promoting ISO 45001:2018 certification, and adopting a continuous improvement approach. Implementing these strategies will not only reduce workplace incidents but also enhance productivity and contribute to the sector's sustainability.
item: Thesis-Abstract
Development of a framework to minimise occupational health and safety hazards in apparel manufacturing plants in Sri Lanka
(2024) Jayarathne, MMM; Sridarran, P
The apparel sector in Sri Lanka, a major export factory, supports approximately 350,000 direct and 1 million indirect jobs, but it presents numerous hazards that threaten safety and wellbeing of worker. Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) is broadly divided into occupational safety, which addresses injury risks and workplace hazards, and occupational health, which focuses on physical and mental health. The International Labor Organization categorizes OHS hazards into six types: physical, ergonomic, psychological, biological, chemical, and radiation. The aim of this study is to develop a framework to propose strategies to minimize the OHS hazards in apparel manufacturing factories in Sri Lanka. Conducted a comprehensive literature review on OHS hazards in global and Sri Lankan apparel manufacturing and focusing on hazard control strategies. A quantitative approach was employed using structured questionnaires directed at shop-floor employees and management team members from major Sri Lankan apparel factories. Shop-floor employees provided insights on hazard identification, while management responses helped to develop strategies for minimizing hazards. The analysis included reports on working environmental factors from factories over the last three financial years to identify health hazards and propose mitigation strategies. Key issues identified include improper lighting, sharp objects, blocked exits, poor ergonomic designs, prolonged hours, adverse temperature and humidity conditions, and exposure to fabric dust, compounded by gaps in safety training, communication, and hazard reporting. To address these challenges, the study recommended enhancing training programs, strengthening internal audits, improving emergency exit routes, systematically reviewing exposure reports, and upgrading safety devices and PPE systems. These strategies are recommended to foster a safer and healthier work environment for the workforce in the apparel factories