Screening biomass for co-production of biochar and wood vinegar via slow pyrolysis

Abstract

The production of biochar, a carbon-rich material derived from biomass pyrolysis, has gained significant attention due to its potential applications in soil improvement, carbon sequestration, and renewable energy. This research presents a comprehensive study on the co-production of biochar and wood vinegar from various biomass sources, namely Rice husk, Bamboo wood, and Corn cob aiming at how different feedstocks affect the yield, properties, and characteristics of biochar and wood vinegar. The research methodology involved the collection and preparation of biomass samples, Thermogravimetric Analysis to understand the decomposition behaviour, followed by slow pyrolysis at a temperature range of 310-330°C in a lab-scale reactor for 45 minutes. The resulting biochar samples were subjected to characterization, including Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The high carbon and moderate potassium content of Bamboo wood (C-64.59%, K- 6.41%) and corn cob (C-67.65%, K-6.39%) biochar makes them suitable for carbon sequestration and soil improvement. As Bamboo wood biochar showed better porous structure than others it is the most versatile biochar type. The acetic acid content measured using the titration method of wood vinegar (Ricehusk-21%, Corn cob-22%, Bamboo-20%) verifies its usability in different applications.