Evaluation and early detection of chronic kidney disease in Sri Lanka using blood and urine parameters : a statistical approach

Abstract

There is no requirement for elucidation about the epidemic of kidney disease that has engulfed the north-central province of Sri Lanka. Due to this disease, thousands of patients are suffering very much, and about two thousand deaths occur in Sri Lanka every year. One of the contributing factors to the elevated mortality rates can be ascribed to the failure in timely detection of undiagnosed medical malpractice. This phenomenon arises from the limited sensitivity of the urinary protein test employed for diagnosing chronic kidney disease in its incipient stages within the context of Sri Lanka. Due to this, they are considered as healthy patients and excluded from treatment during kidney disease examination. It is only when the disease worsens that they can be diagnosed as kidney patients. This has become a pressing issue related to chronic kidney disease in our country at present. The main aim of this study is to find out which test is more suitable for the early detection of kidney disease among urine sample tests and blood sample tests. Appropriate research methods have been adopted to achieve the purpose of the study. Here a study has been done on different levels of chronic kidney disease patients according to the eGFR level and ACR level. A comparative study has been done here between blood sample-related data and urine sample-related conditions. The analysis of the data showed that kidney disease can be diagnosed more accurately at an early stage through the tests conducted on blood samples. In addition, this study also investigated the main factors affecting the prevalence of chronic kidney disease. It was revealed that hypertension, smoking, farming, BMI and age are causes of this CKD.