Investigating suitable shift patterns for improving work performance of construction workers in building projects in Sri Lanka

Abstract

As a substantial source of employment, the construction industry is highly dependent on labour. The failure to manage labour and the lack of performance of those labourers has negatively impacted construction cost, quality, and time. Hence, this study aims to investigate the suitable shift patterns to improve the work performance of construction workers in building projects in Sri Lanka, which was approached through a convergent mixed method. A Semi-structured interview survey was conducted with 15 project managers and a questionnaire survey was conducted with 100 skilled and unskilled labourers in building projects, to gather quantitative and qualitative data. The quantitative data was analysed using descriptive statistics, while the qualitative data were analysed through manual content analysis. The study discussed eight shift patterns: Single shift, Double shift, Three shift, 24-hour shift, Flexible shift, Weekend shift, Staggered shift and Night Shift. It revealed differing opinions between labourers and project managers regarding shift patterns, work performance and the impact of shift patterns on the work performance of labourers. Project managers believe the Staggered Shift is the most applicable shift pattern to improve work performance while labourers believe the 24-hour shift is the most applicable shift pattern. Further, project managers emphasise that implementing a staggered shift along with a target-based approach is the best-suited method for a country like Sri Lanka to improve work performance. These findings are helpful for industry practitioners, offering insights to enhance the current work performance and productivity. Further research will explore the cost-benefit analysis of implementing different shift patterns and the role of industry professionals in their adoption and effectiveness in Sri Lanka.