Strategies to achieve net-zero carbon goals in construction industry

Abstract

The construction sector is a major contributor to global carbon emissions, highlighting the urgent need for effective strategies to achieve Net Zero Carbon Buildings (NZCBs). This study aims to investigate how to achieve Net Zero Carbon Goals in Construction. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to establish existing NZCB strategies, followed by a qualitative research approach using semi-structured expert interviews. The findings provide an integrated three-step framework for achieving NZCB including embodied carbon reduction, operational carbon reduction, and carbon offset, storage, and compensation as key steps. The study further identifies a range of applicable strategies under each step, including design efficiency, life cycle assessment, and carbon trading mechanisms. The results highlight that effective implementation of NZCB requires early-stage decision-making, lifecycle-based approaches, and the integration of advanced technologies. This study recommends industry stakeholders to prioritise integrated carbon reduction approaches, enhance professional awareness and training, and adopt digital tools for monitoring and decision-making. Policymakers are encouraged to introduce clear regulations and incentives to accelerate NZCB adoption. This study contributes to both theory and practice by refining NZCB strategy classification and providing an industry-relevant framework. Its implications extend to society by improving environmental performance and promoting sustainable development.