Field mapping of wetting front using ground penetrating Radar under uniform and non-uniform wetting

Abstract

This research was carried out to develop 2D and 3D maps of a wetting front and to identify potential preferential flow areas using Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR). GPR grid data were collected during uniform and non-uniform wetting experiments. Maps were prepared for different depth profiles for each data set, collected at different time intervals after starting water application. The wetting front had reached a maximum depth of 0.45–0.50 m within 25 hours of continuous wetting based on 2D and 3D GPR images. In the uniform wetting experiments, potential preferential flow zones could be identified in 2D and 3D maps.