Factors that impact the selection of bio science stream in the G.C.E advanced level in the western province, Sri Lanka

Abstract

The choice of stream in upper secondary education is a turning point for every student for a successful career in the future. The education system in Sri Lanka has five streams—Biological Science, Physical Science, Commerce, Arts, and Technology—and the Biological Science stream is important in national development. The students who select the Biological Science stream in upper secondary education are influenced by several factors, showing a declining trend in Western Province, Sri Lanka. Accordingly, this research aims to identify the factors affecting the selection of the Biological Science stream in G.C.E Advanced Level (G.C.E A/L) in the said region and to examine the impact of those factors. The study identified self-efficacy, career opportunities, and normative social influence as the factors impacting the selection of the Biological Science stream. Data for this study were collected using a mixed method: Primary data was collected using structured interviews and a questionnaire survey. Twenty students were interviewed using convenience sampling, and a questionnaire survey was conducted on a sample of 370 students using a simple random sampling technique. Data were analysed using thematic and multiple regression analysis. According to the regression model, the study recognized that career opportunities and self-efficacy are the most significant factors which impact the selection of the Biological Science stream. The findings suggest improving the quality of the Biological Science curriculum in the G.C.E A/L examination and encouraging students to continue their studies in the Biological Science field, thereby further contributing to national development. This research provides information to stakeholders such as students, parents, educators, and the government for making different policy decisions.