Development of an effective 3D mapping technique for heritage structures

Abstract

Historical buildings and structures are import ant fora country and the world since they are the only living evidence of the engineering technology of man kind. Therefore, itis of utmost importance to protect and preserve them to safe guard the identity of the particular civilizations,retain the ircultural significance, and ensure the inaccessibility to present and future generations. Since many historic structures are in a partially dilapidated state, to prevent further deterioration,itis essential to record their present status in structural engineering and building material aspects. This is typically a costly,time-demanding, unsafe, and challenging task. As a solution,3 Dgeomatics technologies, and UAVsystemsarenowbeingusedintheworldtodocument existing structures,especially in difficult-to-accessare as.This is also usually a high-cost task.In this research, an effective technique for generating structural information of anexisting building or as imilarstructure to preserve the detail so for duplicating as a truereplicais developed.The developed solution is are mote-controllable custom-made drone system with a GoPro Hero7camera.Different type so fstructures were selected, and after running several test cases,the most suitable image- taking technique and the processing plat form were identified. The effecting factors to the accuracy such as the number of images taken,and overl appercentage of images were identified and their optimum contri bution detected.As a result,the proposed solution abled to yield a dimensional accuracy of 98.9%.This study concludes that the developed effective solution is avalid alternative to high-cost3Dmappingtechniques.