Evaluating awareness and practices of nurses regarding ergonomic risk factors in manual patient handling

Abstract

This study aims at investigating the level of awareness, attitudes, and knowledge of nurses regarding ergonomic risk factors associated with manual patient handling in hospital settings in Sri Lanka. Given the high prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among nurses, particularly due to repetitive lifting, awkward postures, and lack of ergonomic training, this research aims to assess nurses' understanding of these risks and the application of ergonomic best practices. Using a quantitative approach, data was collected through a structured questionnaire from a stratified random sample of nursing staff. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software, employing one-way ANOVA and simple linear regression to examine relationships between variables. The findings revealed a high prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms, particularly back, neck, and shoulder pain, among nurses. Despite moderate awareness of ergonomic principles, actual usage of assessment tools such as Rapid Upper Assessment Tool and the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health lifting equation remained low. Regression results highlighted that nurses’ self-efficacy had the strongest positive influence on the adoption of ergonomic practices, followed by attitudes and subjective norms. The study emphasizes the need for enhanced ergonomic training, institutional support, and policy-level interventions to promote safer patient handling practices and reduce occupational injuries in nursing professionals.