Graphene-based fire detection: a novel approach in fire safety

Abstract

Fire is a global phenomenon that has shaped ecosystems, civilizations, and technological advancements throughout history. However, uncontrolled fires like the Great Fire of London in 1666, the Black Saturday Bushfires in Australia in 2009, and the Palisades Fire in California in 2025, have caused catastrophic damages to the environment, human life, and economies [1]. These widespread impacts highlight the urgent need for effective fire mitigation strategies.