Augented reality for HVAC system optimization in high rise buildings

Abstract

The performance of Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems in high-rise buildings is frequently compromised through design inefficiencies, installation issues and suboptimal maintenance work, resulting in compromised indoor air quality, higher operational expenditures and low occupant comfort. This study explores the prospects of Augmented Reality (AR) as a multi-phase enabler for the optimization of HVAC systems during design, installation, and maintenance phases. A mixed-methods approach was adopted, combining a literature review, questionnaire surveys and expert interviews to identify prevailing HVAC issues, assess AR’s applicability, and evaluate barriers. Findings indicated that problems during the design phase include incorrect duct sizing, inconsistencies between client and architect specifications, and incorrect cooling load estimates. Issues during the installation phase are primarily associated with poor craftsmanship, dependence on incorrect design guidelines, and substandard supplies, whereas problems in the maintenance phase involve poor maintenance practices, unsuitable repair techniques, and poor material quality. Triangulated proof substantiates AR's capacity to augment system performance by early clash detection, immersive client involvement, enhanced coordination, real-time monitoring, and hands-free troubleshooting, leading to reduced downtime, decreased operational expenses, and improved asset management. However, adoption is hindered by high implementation costs, skills, knowledge gaps, organizational resistance, inadequate infrastructure, data security and regulatory concerns, limited HVAC-specific AR content, and environmental constraints affecting accuracy. AR has been found to enhance the efficiency of HVAC systems and lifecycle performance of high-rise building assets significantly provided financial, technical, and organizational obstacles are systematically mitigated. Recommendations involve special training programmes, infrastructural upgrading, cost-optimization measures, and creation of industry-specific AR apps enabling sustainable adoption.