Analyzing parameters in concrete thrust blocks of horizontal bends in underground PVC water pipelines : a regression approach

Abstract

The dispersion of drinking water is regarded as a key service offered by countries. There are management plans for this and for the proper piping system to be required for long- term projects in the city to reduce maintenance, repairs and to continue the construction cost-effectively. Water piping systems comprise transmitting and distributing to carry the adequate quantity of water from the pumping area to the tower and from the tower in the service area. There is a unique method whereby the pipes are placed underground. This method is practiced as a standard everywhere as it minimizes the damage that may occur. In piping networks, concrete blocks are applied to increase the stability of tees and bends which help to change the direction of water length. The purpose of this study is to enhance a parameter estimation model for concrete blocks of horizontal bends by developing a conceptual framework. There are two approaches to analyze the whole framework of the study, method 1 and method 2. The height and width of the trench are quantified to identify the horizontal and vertical positions of the bend. Combining the cube test with the slump test introduces a quadratic regression model for the maximum load of the concrete cube, the mass of the concrete cube, and the slump of the concrete to build the inequality of the maximum bearable load of the concrete block. The compaction test results in a linear relationship between the optimum moisture content and the maximum dry density through regression analysis to find the maximum load of the compacted soil. Leaks on pipes and bends are determined by pressure testing to identify head loss and thrust force in the water. The factor of safety for bends is even the primary idea of estimating the parameters of concrete blocks. The seven algorithms are developed by using MATLAB codes to determine the main factors of the study. Each algorithm has its own pseudo code and diagrammatic representation. By using these algorithms that developed for the built-up constraints of each test and stage, the mean values of the block parameters are determined.