Investigate the effect of crosslinking agents and binders on the binding ability of Sandalwood Essential Oil with β-Cyclodextrin for the retention of fragrance on cotton fabric

Abstract

Fragrance finished textiles offer sensory and therapeutic benefits, however, maintaining scent durability remains a challenge due to the volatility of the essential oils and their retention on fabric, especially in cotton. β-cyclodextrin is an effective carrier for essential oils, forming inclusion complexes that enhance fragrance retention and further enables the controlled release. To ensure long-lasting attachment to the fabric, suitable crosslinking agents and binders are essential. This study focuses on sandalwood essential oil and investigates the effect of different chemical combinations on its binding ability with β-cyclodextrin on cotton fabric. Treated samples were evaluated for fragrance retention. Inclusion complexes were formed using the co-precipitation method, and fabrics were treated with four combinations of citric acid or epichlorohydrin (crosslinkers) and polyvinyl alcohol or starch (binders). Fragrance durability was tested across 5, 10, and 15 wash cycles. Retention was quantified using UV-visible spectrophotometry and assessed with a 5-point olfactory test. The citric acid and polyvinyl alcohol group showed a 57% fragrance reduction after 15 washes, with an olfactory score of 3. Other combinations exhibited over 79% reduction, confirming the superior performance of the citric acid and polyvinyl alcohol formulation. This combination improves the longevity and supports the development of high-performance aroma textiles.