A Methodology for selecting a digital twin platform for application development in construction.

Abstract

Digital Twin Platforms (DTPs) are being utilised more frequently to facilitate predictive analysis, energy management, carbon emissions reduction, and building operations. Nevertheless, selecting a suitable DTP remains difficult due to the significant variation in platform capabilities, costs, interoperability, usability, and technical complexity. The study provides a systematic methodology for selecting appropriate DTPs to develop Digital Twin (DT) applications. Academic literature, industry reports, software documentation, and vendor websites were reviewed to identify the key functionalities, characteristics, and requirements of DTPs in the construction sector. 12 currently available DTPs were analysed, and the underlying technology and purpose of each were identified. A set of evaluation criteria was then established. The methodology allows users to assign weightings to an established criterion in accordance with operational priorities and project-specific requirements. The most suitable DTP for the intended application is subsequently determined by calculating weighted scores. The methodology was tested using a building-focused DT case study aimed at improving energy efficiency and reducing carbon emissions. The DTP proposed by this developed methodology for the case study was a simulation-based platform, given the study’s emphasis on energy modelling, affordability, ease of use, and educational accessibility. The findings demonstrate that the methodology provides a practical, structured approach to selecting DTPs while balancing technical capability, usability, and cost.