Defining green building criteria for building information modeling-based rating systems

As sustainability becomes increasingly central to architectural and construction practices, robust frameworks are needed to evaluate and guide the implementation of green building (GB) standards. Integrating Building Information Modelling (BIM) with GB criteria presents a promising approach to advancing sustainable construction. BIM provides a comprehensive digital representation of a building’s physical and functional characteristics and has the potential to streamline sustainability assessments by aligning traditional GB standards with data-driven design and evaluation processes. In Indonesia, the adoption of GB principles remains limited due to the complexity of building design and evaluation. This paper explores GB criteria tailored for BIM-based rating systems based on the Regulation of the Minister of Public Works and Public Housing No. 21 of 2021. Data were collected through a literature study and analyzed using expert judgment. The findings classify the criteria into two categories: (1) those that can be directly integrated with BIM and (2) those that require manual assessment. The study identifies 18 criteria suitable for BIM integration and 11 that depend on manual processes. These results illustrate the opportunities and constraints of using BIM to support GB assessments.