Mitigating induced seismicity through enhanced fracture stiffness in fault damage zone

Abstract

In recent years, induced seismicity has increased, posing risks to underground facilities. Despite various mitigation efforts, their effectiveness remains limited due to the complex and heterogeneous stress states of natural geological structures. To address this challenge, this study proposes enhancing fracture stiffness in fault damage zones as a mitigation strategy. Using discrete element method (DEM) simulations, we show that increased stiffness can reduce seismic moments and radiate energy to around 40% of their original values, regardless of fracture orientation. The effect is stronger near the fault core, with higher fracture density and smaller fracture sizes, further amplifying the reduction. These findings offer a conceptual basis for mitigating seismic hazards through targeted modification of fracture properties.