Effectiveness of experiential learning on conservation of underwater landscapes: a study of Pigeon Island National Park, Trincomalee, Sri Lanka

Abstract

Sri Lanka's coastal and marine ecosystems, particularly its underwater landscapes, face significant threats due to ineffective conservation efforts despite existing legal protections. The gap between legislation and proper implementation leaves these fragile ecosystems vulnerable to degradation. As these environments are deeply concerned, there is an increasing need to explore innovative approaches that can improve conservation efforts. This research investigates how experiential learning, particularly through direct interaction with underwater ecosystems, can contribute to deeper engagement with the marine environment and more effective conservation. The study aims to assess the effectiveness of experiential learning in marine conservation in Pigeon Island National Park, Sri Lanka, and identify ways to improve awareness and attitudes towards marine conservation. The study follows a qualitative research approach involving both online and on-site questionnaires with a semi-structured interview to collect data from general participants and experts. The analysis focused on the effectiveness of experiential learning by evaluating participants' experiences, reflections, and knowledge construction related to marine conservation. Findings suggest that experiential learning, especially when aligned with Kolb's experiential learning theory, improves participants' emotional and cognitive engagement with underwater ecosystems and promotes greater awareness and long-term commitment to conservation practices. Future research could expand on these findings by examining the comparative effectiveness of different experiential learning activities, such as virtual reality in marine environments, and their impact on different marine ecosystems, ensuring more sustainable conservation efforts over time.