Urban health and well-being in the age of transformation: exploring the potential of integrating wellness tourism with agro business in Anuradhapura

Abstract

Anuradhapura’s rich cultural heritage, traditional agricultural economy, and ancient irrigation systems present a unique opportunity to merge traditional healing practices with wellness tourism. Despite these strengths, the region faces economic instability, youth outmigration, and weak institutional coordination. At the same time, tourists increasingly seek authentic, nature-based, and health-oriented experiences. This research explores how wellness tourism can be integrated with the agro-business sector in Anuradhapura to promote sustainable development and community well-being.Using a mixed-methods approach by combining literature review, stakeholder interviews, and analysis of agro-wellness precedents from India, Indonesia, and Thailand, this study identifies spatial, economic, and cultural opportunities for merging wellness and agriculture. By leveraging Anuradhapura’s serene environment, spiritual heritage, and agro-climatic advantages, the research highlights opportunities for wellness farm stays, agro-therapy, and holistic visitor experiences that revitalize the rural economy while preserving ecological and cultural integrity. It contributes to broader discussions on tourism diversification, community empowerment, and sustainable regional development.