Design personal radiation protective equipment for interventional cardiologists with more protection and lower weight

Abstract

Interventional cardiology procedures generate substantial scatter radiation, and interventional cardiologists experience the highest cumulative occupational exposure among catheterisation-laboratory personnel, exceeding that of other medical specialities. Conventional lead-based personal protective equipment (PPE) imposes substantial ergonomic limitations, highlighting the need for advanced, lightweight, and ergonomically optimised radiation shielding technologies in interventional cardiology.